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A Dual Classifier-Regressor Architecture for Heart Sound Onset/Offset Detection
Somarathne, Pamuditha Herath, Sandun Gargiulo, Gaetano Breen, Paul Anderson, Neil Yao, Yu Liu, Tongliang Withana, Anusha
Somarathne, Pamuditha
Herath, Sandun
Gargiulo, Gaetano
Breen, Paul
Anderson, Neil
Yao, Yu
Liu, Tongliang
Withana, Anusha
Supervisor
Department
Machine Learning
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Journal article
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Language
English
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Identifying the first (S1) and second (S2) heart sounds from phonocardiogram (PCG) signals is an essential step in automating the diagnosis of cardiac conditions such as irregular heartbeat, valve misfunctions, and heart failure. Recent research inspired by image segmentation has shown promise in utilising deep neural networks for point-wise PCG segmentation with the support of synchronised electrocardiograms (ECG). This paper shifts the focus from point-wise segmentation to identifying the onset/offset of S1 and S2 in the PCG signal.
METHODS: We incorporate the ECG signal and its keypoints to improve the detection of the heart sounds. Our proposed method employs a joint classifier-regressor architecture for predicting the probability and the location of onset/offset in the PCG.
RESULTS: When evaluated on the largest publicly available PhysioNet/CinC 2016 dataset, the proposed approach outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods, achieving a sensitivity of 0.97 and a positive predictive value of 0.98 in identifying midpoints of S1 and S2 segments. It also identifies the onset/offset locations with an 11.11 ms error.
CONCLUSION: It is evident that identifying the transitions simplifies, leading to better training and inference.
SIGNIFICANCE: In addition to achieving state-of-the-art results, this proposed approach could also be adapted for locating regions of interest in other physiological signals, such as respiration, blood pressure, or muscle activity.
Citation
P. Somarathne, S. Herath, G. Gargiulo, P. Breen, N. Anderson, Y. Yao, T. Liu, A. Withana, "A Dual Classifier-Regressor Architecture for Heart Sound Onset/Offset Detection," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. PP, no. 99, pp. 1-9, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2026.3654558.
Source
IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
Conference
Keywords
40 Engineering, 4003 Biomedical Engineering, 46 Information and Computing Sciences
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Publisher
IEEE