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The eye as a window to systemic health: A survey of retinal imaging from classical techniques to oculomics
Inamullah, Inamullah Razzak, Imran Jameel, Shoaib
Inamullah, Inamullah
Razzak, Imran
Jameel, Shoaib
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Computational Biology
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Journal article
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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English
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Abstract
The unique vascularized anatomy of the human eye, encased in the retina, provides an opportunity to act as a window for human health. The retinal structure assists in assessing the early detection, monitoring of disease progression and intervention for both ocular and non-ocular diseases. The advancement in imaging technology leveraging Artificial Intelligence has seized this opportunity to bridge the gap between the eye and human health. This approach facilitates the unveiling of systemic health insights from the ocular system and the identification of non-invasive surrogate markers for timely intervention and detection. The new frontiers of oculomics in ophthalmology cover both ocular and systemic diseases, and are getting more attention to explore them. In this survey paper, we explore the evolution of retinal imaging techniques, the dire need for the integration of AI-driven analysis, and the shift of retinal imaging from classical techniques to oculomics. We also discuss some hurdles that may be faced in the progression of oculomics, highlighting the research gaps and future directions.
Citation
I. Inamullah, I. Razzak, S. Jameel, "The eye as a window to systemic health: A survey of retinal imaging from classical techniques to oculomics," The Journal of Precision Medicine Health and Disease, vol. 4, pp. 100023-100023, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.premed.2025.100023.
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The Journal of Precision Medicine Health and Disease
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Keywords
32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 3212 Ophthalmology and Optometry, 3 Good Health and Well Being
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Elsevier